Temperature has a strong influence on fish metabolism and aquaculture production activities. To understand how this parameter affects the performance, survival, and oxidative stress responses of juvenile Pogonias courbina (miragaia), 450 individuals (0.58 ± 0.19 g) were reared for 25 days in triplicate at 23, 26, and 29°C in 300 L circular tanks connected to water recirculation systems. During the experiment, the fish were fed four times daily with a formulated diet containing 55% crude protein and 13% lipids. Growth parameters of miragaia improved significantly as the temperature increased. Final weight was highest at 29°C, where fish reached 8.94 ± 0.56 g, which was 2.9 times greater than the final weight of fish reared at 23°C. The specific growth rate of fish maintained at 29°C was 10.94 ± 0.25%/day, a significantly higher result than at any other temperature tested. Temperature also influenced total feed intake and apparent feed conversion ratio, as fish reared at 26 and 29°C consumed greater amounts of feed and showed better feed conversion. The tested temperatures did not affect fish survival, which remained above 98% in all treatments. Regarding oxidative stress parameters in muscle, gill, and liver tissues, exposure to the lower temperature (23°C) led to increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in all tested tissues. Additionally, exposure to 23°C triggered a positive regulation of total antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (ACAP) in the gills and liver compared to 29°C. Protein thiol levels (P-SH) were higher in the liver of individuals maintained at 29°C than at 23°C. The better performance of fish at 29°C may be related to increased total feed consumption combined with improved feed conversion efficiency, along with lower lipid and protein damage and reduced investment in antioxidant capacity. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that among the temperatures tested, 29°C is the optimal temperature for the production of juvenile P. courbina, as it promotes better growth rate, feed conversion, and reduced oxidative damage.