Aquaculture practiced with Litopenaeus vannamei has involved various processes that have helped innovate and increase production. Among the innovations developed are new production systems and diverse production strategies. The new technologies applied to production have enabled increased yield, enhanced biosecurity, reduced water usage, decreased effluent discharge, utilization of waste for the cultivation of other organisms, and production independence. However, despite all the technical information regarding the employment of different production technologies, there is still limited data on the financial-economic viability and the impact of different strategies on enterprise profitability. Thus, the objective of this work is to address questions related to different production methods and their profitability outcomes. The experimental data originate from experiments conducted at the Marine Aquaculture Station on a commercial scale, and information on the implementation of aquaculture enterprises was collected primarily through interviews conducted directly with producers or the technical managers of the enterprises. Chapter 1 dealt with the effect of hyper-intensive farming at different stocking densities on the performance of zootechnical indicators and the financial results if implemented over a 1-hectare area. The analyzed data showed that a density of 500 shrimp/m² produced the best cost-benefit ratio and, considering uncertainties, this density presented the lowest risk.Chapter 2 is an extension of the first but sought to optimize production through the adoption of partial harvest strategies and their effects on the profitability of an enterprise located in the southern region of Brazil. Results were compared considering the hypothesis of no partial harvest against one, two, and four partial harvests. Regarding zootechnical indicators, the strategy of two partial harvests yielded the best feed cost results, as this condition allowed for the most efficient ratio between feed supplied and expected weekly growth. Furthermore, this strategy led to the best outcomes related to the viability of the enterprise.Chapters 3 and 4 focused on the application of new production technologies for marine shrimp farming. The chapters compared closed systems (biofloc technology), multi-trophic species integration (IMTA), and the integration of different production systems (biofloc-based nurseries with traditional production techniques during the grow-out phase, i.e., mixed systems). Information regarding system implementation was obtained through field interviews, and zootechnical indicator data were collected from experiments conducted on a commercial scale. Results indicate that, when comparing different systems, the integration of the biofloc system with traditional production methods presents a lower risk to investors with better profitability indicators despite lower productivity. However, biofloc technology (BFT) showed higher productivity and economic results exceeding decision-making criteria, although there is room for improvement in profitability through better production planning and more efficient resource use, especially regarding feed, which is the most impactful input in the production process. The IMTA system showed higher production results compared to the mixed system; however, production outcomes were mainly affected by product sale prices and the high cost-to-revenue ratio. The final chapter addresses the BFT system combined with artificial salinization. Salinization was performed to maintain ionic relationships similar to the ionic balance found in seawater. Technical information about salinization and zootechnical performance data were collected from an aquaculture enterprise producing marine shrimp located in Tapes, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The data show that production indicators were close to those reported in scientific literature. However, profitability indicators demonstrated that the price at the time compromised the viability of the enterprise. In this case, scenario analysis indicates that only under conditions of a 30% price increase and a 15% production increase would it be possible to make the enterprise economically viable.

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