In a biofloc system, changes in microbial communities occur throughout the shrimp cultivation cycle. When water is exposed to sunlight in environments such as greenhouses and outdoor ponds, the system can shift abruptly from a heterotrophic state (mainly bacteria and protozoa) to a predominantly photoautotrophic one (dominated by microalgae). On the other hand, indoor farming environments such as enclosed facilities can benefit from supplemental artificial lighting. However, there is limited information regarding nitrification and microbial community quantification in the culture of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in biofloc systems using supplemental LED light with different wavelengths and photoperiods. Furthermore, the effect of partial restriction of natural light on shrimp culture, particularly the contribution of these microorganisms to shrimp zootechnical performance, remains largely unexplored. Therefore, studies addressing this knowledge gap are of great importance. This thesis is structured into three chapters: Chapter I aimed to evaluate the influence of different LED light wavelengths on the microbial community, water quality, and zootechnical performance of L. vannamei. Five treatments were tested with three replicates each, at a density of 500 shrimp m⁻³. In this chapter, green wavelength light resulted in improved nitrification, positively influenced the microbial community, and enhanced the zootechnical performance of L. vannamei compared to the control. Chapter II evaluated the influence of green LED light under different photoperiods on water quality, microbial community, oxidative stress, and zootechnical performance of L. vannamei. The experiment involved four treatments with four replicates each, also at a density of 500 shrimp m⁻³. No significant differences in water quality were observed between photoperiods, but differences were found in microbial community composition, oxidative stress markers, and zootechnical performance—particularly under the 8 hours light / 16 hours dark photoperiod. Chapter III assessed the effect of partial restriction of natural light on nitrate concentrations and nitrite reduction, as well as water quality, microbial community structure, and zootechnical performance of L. vannamei. Six treatments were tested with three replicates each, at a stocking density of 770 shrimp m⁻³. Partial restriction of natural light positively influenced water quality and microbial abundance and did not negatively affect zootechnical performance when compared to the control. Therefore, based on the results obtained in this thesis, it can be concluded that both supplemental LED light wavelengths and photoperiods, as well as partial restriction of natural light, can positively influence water quality, microbial community dynamics, oxidative stress, and the zootechnical performance of L. vannamei. These findings contribute to the understanding of these variables within biofloc systems.